Haddad, R., Sparrapan, R., & Eberlin, M. N. (2006). Desorption sonic spray ionization for (high) voltage-free ambient mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry: An International Journal Devoted to the Rapid Dissemination of Up-to-the-Minute Research in Mass Spectrometry, 20(19), 2901–2905. Total phenolics were analyzed colorimetrically according to the method of Spanos and Wrolstad (1990). Briefly, sample solution at an amount of 100μL was filtered using 0.45-μm Millipore membrane. It was completed to 1mL by the addition of distilled water. Afterwards, 5mL of Folin Ciocalteau reagent (0.2N) and 4mL of saturated sodium carbonate (75g/L) solutions were added. The mixture was homogenized by vortex. The obtained solution was waited for 2h. At the end of 2h period, absorbances were read at 765nm using spectrophotometer. The standard calibration curve of gallic acid was prepared according to known amount of gallic acid mixtures. The absorption of some minerals, such as iron and zinc, may be reduced because of the phytic acid content of chia seeds. SUMMARY Valenzuela, R., Bascuñán, K., Chamorro, R., Barrera, C., Sandoval, J., Puigrredon, C., ... & Valenzuela, A. (2015). Modification of docosahexaenoic acid composition of milk from nursing women who received alpha linolenic acid from chia oil during gestation and nursing. Nutrients, 7(8), 6405–6424.

Campo C.D., Santos P.P., Costa T.M., Paese K., Guterres S.S., Rios A.D. Nanoencapsulation of chia seed oil with chia mucilage ( Salvia hispanica L.) as wall material: Characterization and stability evaluation. Food Chemistry. 2017; 234:1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.153. [ PubMed] [ CrossRef] [ Google Scholar]

Iron. As a component of hemoglobin in red blood cells, iron is involved in the transport of oxygen throughout your body. It may be poorly absorbed from chia seeds due to their phytic acid content. TAGs in chia seed oils were tested according to the method of Lísa and Holcapek ( 2008) as detailed by Li et al. ( 2016) using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS). A mixture of isopropanol and acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) was used to dissolve the oil and to obtain a 3% (w/v) solution. For the separation, a C-18 column was used (4.6 mm × 250 mm) with the following details (0 min, 100% A; 106 min, 31% A; 120 min, 100% A). Measurement of minor components Measurement of pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids)

It was demonstrated that column chromatographic stripping technique was able to totally remove tocopherols from borage oil (Khan & Shahidi 2002). Furthermore, using the same method of stripping (column chromatographic), Abuzaytoun and Shahidi ( 2006a, 2006b) were able to entirely eliminate and remove the tocopherols in various types of oils including flax and hemp oils by conventional column stripping method. Recently, Abad and Shahidi ( 2020) used a new and simplified stripping method by mixing the oil with striping material diluted with eluting solvent for 2 h to remove the minor components from different oil samples and reported that the simplified method was successful in eliminating the minor components from the oil samples. Thus, the results in this study as given in Table 3 are in good agreement with the column stripping method in entirely eliminating the tocopherols from the tested oils. Pigments in stripped and non-stripped chia seed oils About 75% of the fats in chia seeds consist of the omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), while about 20% consist of omega-6 fatty acids ( 9, 10, 11). Although they are safe for most people, chia seeds may cause an increased risk of choking. This is because they absorb so much water, so if you have trouble swallowing you need to be careful. Ayerza, R., & Coates, W. (2011). Protein content, oil content and fatty acid profiles as potential criteria to determine the origin of commercially grown chia (Salvia hispanica L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 34(2), 1366–1371.Mordor Intelligence. Global Chia Seeds Market – Analysis of Growth, Trends and Forecast (2017-2022). Accessed 12/4/2017. Chia seeds contain multiple nutrients that are essential for healthy bones, including calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and protein. Commission of the European Communities. (2009). Commission regulation (EC) 827/2009. Official Journal of the European Union, 52, 12–13. People often wonder if chia seeds should be eaten ground instead of whole. The surface of chia seeds is delicate and easily breaks apart when exposed to moisture, so they are typically prepared with liquid foods (as seen with the recipe ideas below). In this way, they are absorbed and digested well in their whole form, unlike flax seeds. If eating the seeds dry, choosing ground chia seeds may help to improve absorption.

Ixtaina VY, Nolasco SM, Tomas MC. Physical properties of chia ( Salvia hispanica L.) seeds. Ind Crop Prod. 2008; 28(3):286–293. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.03.009. [ CrossRef] [ Google Scholar] Where C is the concentration of the solution (g/100 mL), A is the absorbance of the solution at 234 nm, and d the length of the cell (Abuzaytoun and Shahidi 2006b).

What is the best way to eat chia seeds?

Chia seeds contain several components that, when eaten as part of a balanced plant-rich diet, may prevent the development of various chronic diseases. Of particular interest by researchers is chia seeds’ high content of alpha-linolenic (ALA) fatty acids. Sixty percent of the oil in chia seeds is from these omega-3 fatty acids. [2] However, available research has been more favorable towards a diet containing omega-3-rich foods rather than on chia seeds alone. M.M., Al-Juhaimi F.Y., Ahmed I.A., Osman M.A., Gassem M.A. Effect of different microwave power setting on quality of chia seed oil obtained in a cold press. Food Chemistry. 2019; 278:190–196. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.048. [ PubMed] [ CrossRef] [ Google Scholar] Craig R (2004) Application for approval of whole chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seed and ground whole seed as novel food ingredient. Northern Ireland, Company Representative Mr D Amstrong. Craig & Sons, http://www. food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/chiaapplication.pdf